Science & technology

Invention of laptop

c. 1980s

The laptop developed in the late 1970s and 1980s from earlier attempts at a portable computer. The Osborne 1 of 1981 was a luggable machine with a small screen, the Epson HX-20 of the same year had a tiny liquid-crystal display, and in 1982 the GRiD Compass, designed by Bill Moggridge, introduced the clamshell form in which the screen folds over the keyboard. The Gavilan SC of 1983 was marketed as a laptop, and the Toshiba T1100 of 1985 is often considered the first mass-market machine of the kind. Advances in batteries, flat-panel displays and microprocessors made the machines lighter and longer-lasting. By the 2000s laptops outsold desktop computers, and they changed where and how people work and study.

Open on the timeline

Before and after

More in Science & technology

The era

This moment belongs to the Contemporary world (1945 CE to today), the world since 1945. You can also browse everything in the 20th century.