Science & technology

Release of Ethereum

30 July 2015

Ethereum is a public blockchain platform that, unlike Bitcoin, was designed to run programs called smart contracts. It was proposed by the programmer Vitalik Buterin, then still a teenager, and developed by a group of co-founders including Gavin Wood, who wrote the technical specification; funds were raised through a public token sale in 2014. The network went live with its first release, called Frontier, and uses a digital currency, ether, to pay for computation. It became the base for decentralized applications, tokens and later non-fungible tokens. In 2016 the hacking of a project called The DAO led to a controversial hard fork that split the community into Ethereum and Ethereum Classic. In 2022 the network moved from proof of work to proof of stake in an upgrade known as the Merge, which sharply reduced its energy use.

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