Science & technology

Creation of Brainfuck

1993

Brainfuck is an esoteric programming language created by the Swiss student Urban Müller and known for its extreme minimalism. It has only eight commands, each a single character, which move a pointer along an array of memory cells and increment, decrement, read or print the value in the current cell, plus a pair of brackets for loops. Despite this, it is Turing complete, meaning that in principle it can compute anything any other language can. Müller wanted a language with the smallest possible compiler, and his compiler for the Amiga was under three hundred bytes. Programs written in it are famously unreadable, and the language inspired many other esoteric languages and is used as a curiosity and a puzzle.

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