Wars, politics & history

Catalan independence referendum, 2017

1 October 2017

The 2017 Catalan independence referendum was held on 1 October 2017 by the regional government of Catalonia, in defiance of Spain's Constitutional Court, which had suspended the vote and declared it illegal. On the day, Spanish national police and Guardia Civil officers tried to close polling stations and seize ballot boxes, and violent scenes were broadcast around the world. The Catalan government said that a large majority of voters had chosen independence, but turnout was well under half, and many opponents of independence stayed away. A declaration of independence in the regional parliament later that month was followed by the imposition of direct rule by Madrid, the removal of the regional government, and legal action against leaders, some of whom fled abroad.

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