The Muhammad Ali dynasty was the ruling house of Egypt and Sudan from the early nineteenth century until the 1952 revolution. Its founder, Muhammad Ali, an Ottoman officer of Albanian origin, rose to power after the departure of the French and was recognised as governor of Egypt in 1805. He destroyed the Mamluk elite, built a modern army, and promoted cotton production, education and industry, making Egypt nearly independent of the Ottoman sultan. His successors included Ismail, under whom the Suez Canal opened, but heavy debts led to European financial control and British occupation in 1882. Egypt became a kingdom in 1922, and the dynasty ended when King Farouk was overthrown by the Free Officers.
Before and after
- 28 July 1804Birth of Ludwig Feuerbach
- from 11 August 1804 to 8 June 1867Austrian Empire
- 23 November 1804Birth of Franklin Pierce
- 21 December 1804Birth of Benjamin Disraeli
- 1805Rise of Muhammad Ali dynasty
- 1805Peace of Pressburg
- from 1805 to 1806War of the Third Coalition
- 1805World population reaches 1 billion
- 2 April 1805Birth of Hans Christian Andersen
More in Civilizations & archaeology
- from 1799 to 1849Sikh Empire
- from 8 February 1861 to 1 May 1865Confederate States of America
- from 17 March 1861 to 18 June 1946Kingdom of Italy
- from 3 January 1868 to 3 May 1947Empire of Japan
- from 23 October 1868 to 30 July 1912Meiji era
- March 1900Arthur Evans begins digging at Knossos
The era
This moment belongs to the Industrial era (1760 CE to 1914 CE), steam, factories and revolutions. You can also browse everything in the 19th century.