The Holy Roman Empire was a union of territories in central and western Europe ruled by an emperor, who was elected by a group of princes and bishops called electors. Its beginnings are traced to Charlemagne's coronation in 800, but the title was revived when the German king Otto I was crowned emperor by the pope in Rome in 962. The empire was a loose structure of hundreds of kingdoms, duchies, free cities and church lands, and the emperor's real power was often limited. The Habsburg dynasty held the title for most of the period from the fifteenth century. The Reformation and the Thirty Years' War weakened it further, and it was dissolved when Francis II abdicated under pressure from Napoleon.
Before and after
- 3 January 940 CEBirth of Ferdowsi
- c. 944 CEOrigins of Algiers
- 946 CEConstruction of Monastery of Saint John of Rila
- from 960 CE to 1279Song dynasty
- from 2 February 962 CE to 6 August 1806Holy Roman Empire
- from 963 CE to 965 CESiege of Rometta
- 965 CEBirth of Ibn al-Haytham
- 965 CEFounding of Kingdom of Denmark
- 967 CEOrigins of Banteay Srei
More in Civilizations & archaeology
- 710 CEConstruction of Al-Aqsa Mosque
- 990 CEConstruction of Château de Montsoreau
- from 11th century to 18th centuryHouse of Habsburg
- from c. 1113 to 1150Suryavarman II builds Angkor Wat
- 1193Origins of Chernobyl
- 1420Construction of Kremlin
The era
This moment belongs to the Medieval world (500 CE to 1500 CE), kingdoms, faiths and trade routes. You can also browse everything in the 10th century.