The 2017 Turkish constitutional referendum asked voters to approve a package of amendments that would replace the parliamentary system with a presidential system in which the president is both head of state and head of government. The changes, supported by President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and his Justice and Development Party, abolished the post of prime minister and gave the president powers to issue decrees and appoint ministers and senior judges. The campaign took place under a state of emergency declared after the failed coup attempt of 2016. The proposals were approved by a narrow margin of about 51 percent, and opposition parties and some international observers raised concerns about irregularities and an unlevel playing field. The new system took effect after elections in 2018.
Before and after
- from 1 April 2017 to 3 April 2017R/place
- 3 April 20172017 Saint Petersburg Metro attack
- 7 April 20172017 Shayrat missile strike
- 7 April 20172017 Stockholm attack
- 16 April 2017Turkish constitutional referendum, 2017
- 20 April 2017Discovery of LHS 1140 b
- 23 April 20172017 French presidential election
- from 2 May 2017 to 3 December 2021Premiere of Money Heist
- from 17 May 2017 to 22 March 20192017-2019 Special Counsel investigation
More in Wars, politics & history
- from 12 March 1947 to 25 December 1991Cold War
- 15 August 1947India and Pakistan become independent
- 10 December 1948Universal Declaration of Human Rights
- from 25 June 1950 to 27 July 1953Korean War
- from 1 November 1955 to 30 April 1975Vietnam War
- 24 February 2022Full-scale Russo-Ukrainian war
The era
This moment belongs to the Contemporary world (1945 CE to today), the world since 1945. You can also browse everything in the 21st century.