The Protocols of the Elders of Zion is a fabricated text that claims to reveal a Jewish plan for world domination. It first appeared in a Russian newspaper in 1903 and was later published in book form by Sergei Nilus. Investigators showed that large parts were copied from earlier works, especially a French political satire by Maurice Joly aimed at Napoleon III. In 1921 the Times of London demonstrated the plagiarism and the forgery was exposed. Despite this, the book was spread by antisemitic movements, published by Henry Ford's newspaper in the United States and used as propaganda by the Nazis, and it continues to circulate.
Before and after
- 17 November 1902Birth of Eugene Paul Wigner
- 1903Origins of Major League Baseball
- 1903Founding of Beşiktaş J.K.
- 1903Airplane
- 1903Publication of The Protocols of the Elders of Zion
- 1903Rise of Bolsheviks
- 1903Founding of Atlético Madrid
- 13 February 1903Birth of Georges Simenon
- 3 May 1903Birth of Bing Crosby
More in Art, literature & culture
- 10 August 1793Construction of Louvre Museum
- 1 November 1800Construction of White House
- 1886Statue of Liberty
- 1894Radio
- c. 1900sRise of modernism
- 1907Rise of cubism
The era
This moment belongs to the Industrial era (1760 CE to 1914 CE), steam, factories and revolutions. You can also browse everything in the 20th century.