Middle Eastern theater of World War I

The Middle Eastern theatre of the First World War covered the fighting between the Ottoman Empire and the Allies, mainly Britain, France and Russia, across a large area from the Dardanelles to the Caucasus and the Arabian Peninsula. Major campaigns included the Gallipoli landings, in which Allied forces failed to open the straits, the Mesopotamian campaign, where a British force was besieged and surrendered at Kut in 1916 before Baghdad was taken in 1917, and the Sinai and Palestine campaign, which led to the capture of Jerusalem in December 1917 and Damascus in 1918. The Arab Revolt, with advisers such as T. E. Lawrence, helped to weaken Ottoman control. The war ended with the Armistice of Mudros, and the Ottoman Empire was later partitioned.

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