Universe & space

Discovery of PSR B1257+12 c

22 January 1992

PSR B1257+12 c, also called Poltergeist, is one of the first exoplanets ever confirmed, orbiting a millisecond pulsar about two thousand light-years away in the constellation Virgo. Its discoverers, the astronomers Aleksander Wolszczan and Dale Frail, noticed regular variations in the timing of the pulsar's radio pulses that could be explained by orbiting bodies. The 1992 announcement concerned the two outer planets now designated c and d, and a smaller innermost planet, b, was found a couple of years later, so the system is usually described as the first confirmed discovery of planets outside the Solar System. Planet c has a mass a few times that of Earth and circles the pulsar in about two months. How planets came to exist around a pulsar remains an interesting question, since they must have formed or survived after the star's supernova.

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