Mustafa Kemal Atatürk died on 10 November 1938 in Dolmabahçe Palace, aged about 57. A Turkish army officer and statesman, Mustafa Kemal was born in Salonica and became a prominent commander in the Ottoman army, notably at Gallipoli in 1915. After the First World War he led the Turkish national movement against the Allied occupation and won the War of Independence, and he abolished the sultanate in 1922. He proclaimed the Republic of Turkey in 1923 and was its first president until his death. His reforms were aimed at a secular and modern state, and they included the adoption of the Latin alphabet, new legal codes and the vote for women. In 1934 he was given the surname Atatürk, meaning father of the Turks.
Before and after
- 30 September 1938Munich agreement
- 9 October 1938Birth of Heinz Fischer
- 29 October 1938Birth of Ellen Johnson Sirleaf
- November 1938Kristallnacht
- 10 November 1938Death of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
- 29 December 1938Birth of Jon Voight
- 1939Porajmos
- from 1939 to 1946Manhattan Project
- from 1939 to 1941Aktion T4
More in Wars, politics & history
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- 1919Paris Peace Conference
- 3 March 1923Time
- from 1 August 1927 to 1 May 1950Chinese Civil War
- from 7 July 1937 to 9 September 1945Second Sino-Japanese War
- 1944Golden Globes
The era
This moment belongs to the Modern era (1914 CE to 1945 CE), world wars and a changing world. You can also browse everything in the 20th century.