Science & technology

Creation of Windows NT 3.1

27 July 1993

Windows NT 3.1 was the first release of Windows NT, Microsoft's operating system designed for business and server use. Development was led by Dave Cutler, an engineer hired from Digital Equipment Corporation, and it was a completely new design rather than an extension of DOS, with a 32-bit architecture, protected memory, preemptive multitasking, the NTFS file system and built-in security. The kernel was written to be portable between processor families, and early versions ran on Intel and MIPS processors. It was numbered 3.1 to match the consumer version of Windows at the time. Although it required powerful hardware, its architecture formed the base for later versions, including Windows 2000, XP and the Windows 10 and 11 of today.

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