Art, literature & culture

Publication of Jana Gana Mana

11 December 1911

Jana Gana Mana is the national anthem of India. It was written in Bengali by the poet Rabindranath Tagore, who later received the Nobel Prize in Literature, and was first sung at a session of the Indian National Congress in Calcutta in December 1911. Its text was first published in a Brahmo Samaj journal in 1912. The song addresses the dispenser of India's destiny and mentions regions across the country. The Constituent Assembly adopted the Hindi version of its first stanza as the national anthem on 24 January 1950, shortly before India became a republic. Tagore also wrote the words of Bangladesh's national anthem, Amar Shonar Bangla.

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