The Ottoman Empire grew from a small Turkish principality in north-western Anatolia led by Osman I, from whom its dynasty takes its name. Over the following centuries the Ottomans expanded into the Balkans and the Middle East, and in 1453 Sultan Mehmed II captured Constantinople, ending the Byzantine Empire. In the sixteenth century, under Selim I and Suleiman the Magnificent, the empire took in Egypt, Syria, Iraq, much of North Africa and southeastern Europe, and it ruled a diverse population of Muslims, Christians and Jews. From the late seventeenth century it declined in power relative to Europe, and in the nineteenth century it lost most of its European provinces. It entered the First World War on the side of the Central Powers and was defeated. The sultanate was abolished in 1922, and the Republic of Turkey was proclaimed in 1923.
Before and after
- 1298Construction of Cathedral of the Holy Cross and Saint Eulalia
- 1298The Travels of Marco Polo
- 1299Rise of Ottoman dynasty
- 1299Construction of Palazzo Vecchio
- from 29 July 1299 to 17 November 1922Ottoman Empire
- from 22 December 1299 to 23 December 1299Battle of Wadi al-Khaznadar
- from 13th century to 20th centuryPasha
- 13th centuryConstruction of Wieliczka Salt Mine
- c. 1300Origins of Amsterdam
More in Civilizations & archaeology
- 622 CEConstruction of Prophet's Mosque
- 1342Construction of Palace of Westminster
- from 1368 to 1644Ming dynasty
- from 1370 to 1789Construction of Bastille
- 1386Construction of Heidelberg University
- from 1438 to 1533Inca Empire
The era
This moment belongs to the Medieval world (500 CE to 1500 CE), kingdoms, faiths and trade routes. You can also browse everything in the 13th century.