Pasha was a high honorary title in the Ottoman Empire and the Muslim states it influenced, given to governors, generals, admirals and other leading officials. The word comes from the Turkish pasa. Rank was marked by the number of horsetails carried on a standard, with the most senior pashas entitled to three. Some pashas became rulers of provinces in their own right, among them Muhammad Ali Pasha of Egypt, who founded a dynasty that ruled there into the twentieth century. Titles of this kind were abolished in Turkey in the 1930s as part of Ataturk's reforms, and in Egypt after the 1952 revolution, although the word survives as a nickname and in historical writing.
Before and after
- 1299Rise of Ottoman dynasty
- 1299Construction of Palazzo Vecchio
- from 29 July 1299 to 17 November 1922Ottoman Empire
- from 22 December 1299 to 23 December 1299Battle of Wadi al-Khaznadar
- from 13th century to 20th centuryPasha
- 13th centuryConstruction of Wieliczka Salt Mine
- c. 1300Origins of Amsterdam
- 13th centuryDiscovery of arsenic
- from 1301 to 1500Late Middle Ages
More in Wars, politics & history
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- from 1096 to 1099First Crusade
- 15 June 1215Magna Carta
- 2 January 1492The fall of Granada ends Muslim rule in Spain
The era
This moment belongs to the Medieval world (500 CE to 1500 CE), kingdoms, faiths and trade routes.