Al-Andalus was the name given to the parts of the Iberian Peninsula under Muslim rule. It began when a force led by Tariq ibn Ziyad crossed from North Africa and defeated the Visigothic king Roderic, after which most of the peninsula came under the Umayyad caliphate. From Cordoba, the Umayyad emirate and later caliphate became a major centre of learning, trade and architecture, and the cities of Seville and Granada also flourished. After the fragmentation of the caliphate in the eleventh century, Christian kingdoms in the north gradually advanced during the Reconquista. Granada, the last Muslim state, fell to the Catholic Monarchs of Castile and Aragon in 1492.
Before and after
- 706 CEConstruction of Umayyad Mosque
- 710 CEConstruction of Al-Aqsa Mosque
- from 710 CE to 794 CENara period
- c. 710 CEEruption of Witori
- from 711 CE to 1492Al-Andalus
- from 711 CE to 726 CEUmayyad conquest of Hispania
- 19 July 711 CEBattle of Guadalete
- 712 CEBirth of Du Fu
- 712 CEConstruction of Qasr Amra
More in Wars, politics & history
- from 722 CE to 1492Reconquista
- 27 November 1095Pope Urban II calls the First Crusade
- 1206Temujin is proclaimed Genghis Khan
- 15 June 1215Magna Carta
- from 24 May 1337 to 9 October 1453Hundred Years' War
- 2 January 1492The fall of Granada ends Muslim rule in Spain
The era
This moment belongs to the Medieval world (500 CE to 1500 CE), kingdoms, faiths and trade routes. You can also browse everything in the 8th century.