Umar ibn Al-Khattāb died on 3 November 644 CE in Medina, aged about 58. The second caliph of Islam and one of the closest companions of the Prophet Muhammad, Umar succeeded Abu Bakr in 634. Under his leadership Muslim armies conquered Byzantine Syria and Egypt and brought down the Sasanian Empire in Persia, and Jerusalem surrendered to the Muslims. He set up administrative structures, including a register of stipends for the faithful and provincial governors, and the Islamic calendar was introduced in his time. Sunni Muslims regard him as one of the Rightly Guided Caliphs, known for justice and austerity, though Shia tradition views him more critically. He was stabbed by a Persian slave while leading prayer in Medina and died of his wounds.
Before and after
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- 3 November 644 CEDeath of Umar ibn Al-Khattāb
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- from 653 CE to 954 CEKingdom of Northumbria
- c. 653 CEEruption of Dakataua
- from 656 CE to 661 CEFirst Fitna
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The era
This moment belongs to the Medieval world (500 CE to 1500 CE), kingdoms, faiths and trade routes. You can also browse everything in the 7th century.