Xenophon was born around 430 BCE in Erchia. A Greek soldier, historian and philosopher, Xenophon was a student of Socrates who joined the Greek mercenary army of Cyrus the Younger in his attempt to seize the Persian throne. After Cyrus died at Cunaxa, Xenophon helped lead the surviving Greeks on their long march home to the Black Sea, which he described in the Anabasis. He also wrote the Hellenica, a continuation of Thucydides, the Memorabilia and Apology, recalling Socrates, and works on horsemanship, estate management and the education of Cyrus. Exiled from Athens, he lived for years in Sparta's territory and later in Corinth.
Before and after
- 445 BCEBirth of Aristophanes
- from 431 BCE to 404 BCEPeloponnesian War
- from c. 430s BCE to 470sStatue of Zeus at Olympia
- c. 430s BCEHerodotus writes the Histories
- c. 430 BCEBirth of Xenophon
- c. 420s BCEConstruction of Temple of Athena Nike
- 425 BCEDeath of Herodotus
- c. 421 BCEConstruction of the Erechtheion
- from 415 BCE to 413 BCESicilian Expedition
More in Art, literature & culture
- c. 2,100s BCEEpic of Gilgamesh
- c. 1,500 BCEOrigins of Zoroastrianism
- 551 BCEBirth of Confucius
- 6th century BCEOrigins of Judaism
- 33 CEOrigins of Christianity
- 381 CEFirst Council of Constantinople
The era
This moment belongs to the Ancient civilizations (3,200 BCE to 500 CE), writing, cities and empires. You can also browse everything in the 5th century BCE.