Art, literature & culture

Publication of A Christmas Carol

19 December 1843

A Christmas Carol is a novella by Charles Dickens about Ebenezer Scrooge, a bitter and miserly London businessman who is visited on Christmas Eve by the ghost of his former partner, Jacob Marley, and by three spirits of Christmas past, present and yet to come. Shown the consequences of his selfishness, including the likely death of the poor child Tiny Tim, Scrooge is transformed into a generous man. Dickens wrote it in a few weeks in the autumn, partly to draw attention to poverty and child labour in industrial Britain. It sold well immediately and helped to shape the Victorian idea of Christmas as a time for family and charity. It has been adapted many times.

Open on the timeline

Before and after

More in Art, literature & culture

The era

This moment belongs to the Industrial era (1760 CE to 1914 CE), steam, factories and revolutions. You can also browse everything in the 19th century.