The Ottoman Wars in Europe were a long run of campaigns in which the expanding Ottoman Empire fought the states of southeastern and central Europe. The Ottomans crossed into Europe at Gallipoli in the mid-fourteenth century and went on to conquer much of the Balkans after victories such as Kosovo in 1389, and Nicopolis in 1396. The fall of Constantinople in 1453 ended the Byzantine Empire, and the defeat of Hungary at Mohács in 1526 opened the way into the Danube basin. The tide turned after the failed second siege of Vienna in 1683, which was followed by the Great Turkish War and the Treaty of Karlowitz in 1699, in which the Ottomans ceded Hungary to the Habsburgs. The wars shaped the religious and political map of the Balkans for centuries.
Before and after
- 1349Construction of Galata Tower
- 14th centuryPublication of The Romance of the Three Kingdoms
- from 1350 to 1355War of the Straits
- 1353Publication of The Decameron
- from 1354 to 1683Ottoman Wars in Europe
- from 1356 to 1806Electorate of Saxony
- from 1356 to 1375War of the Two Peters
- 10 January 1356Golden Bull of 1356
- from 1358 to 1918Archduchy of Austria
More in Wars, politics & history
- from 1095 to 1291Crusades
- 27 November 1095Pope Urban II calls the First Crusade
- 1206Temujin is proclaimed Genghis Khan
- 15 June 1215Magna Carta
- from 18 July 1270 to 30 October 1270Eighth Crusade
- from 24 May 1337 to 9 October 1453Hundred Years' War
The era
This moment belongs to the Medieval world (500 CE to 1500 CE), kingdoms, faiths and trade routes. You can also browse everything in the 14th century.