Cicero died on 7 December 43 BCE in Formia, aged 63. A Roman statesman, lawyer and orator, Cicero rose from a provincial family to the consulship in 63 BCE, when he exposed and suppressed the conspiracy of Catiline. He was a defender of the republic against the ambitions of Julius Caesar and later of Mark Antony, whom he attacked in the speeches known as the Philippics. His writings on rhetoric, politics and ethics, such as On the Republic, On Duties and On the Orator, along with a large collection of letters, shaped Latin prose and later European thought. After the formation of the Second Triumvirate he was proscribed, and in 43 BCE he was killed on Antony's orders.
Before and after
- 17 March 45 BCEBattle of Munda
- 44 BCEDiscovery of Caesar's Comet
- 15 March 44 BCEDeath of Julius Caesar
- 20 March 43 BCEBirth of Ovid
- 7 December 43 BCEDeath of Cicero
- 16 November 42 BCEBirth of Tiberius
- from 37 BCE to 668 CEGoguryeo
- 2 September 31 BCEOctavian defeats Antony and Cleopatra at Actium
- 12 August 30 BCEDeath of Cleopatra
More in Art, literature & culture
- from c. 776 BCE to 500 CEAncient Olympic Games
- c. 520 BCECarving of the Behistun inscription
- 2nd century BCEVenus de Milo
- June 313 CEEdict of Milan
- from 22 June 431 CE to 31 July 431 CEFirst Council of Ephesus
- 1 November 451 CECouncil of Chalcedon
The era
This moment belongs to the Ancient civilizations (3,200 BCE to 500 CE), writing, cities and empires. You can also browse everything in the 1st century BCE.